Many civil claims are brought as a result of road traffic accidents, accidents at work and slipping or tripping and falling in a shop, on a road or a public place.
You may also have a claim based on breach of contract or based on a neighbour's interference with your enjoyment of your property - "nuisance" claims.
Other types of cases include claims for damages as a result of libel, i.e., when a person's good name or reputation has been injured as a result of the publication of untruths in a permanent form (for example, in a newspaper). Slander occurs where a person's good name or reputation has been injured as a result of the publication of untruths in a non-permanent form (for example, in a conversation).
You may have a claim in relation to ownership of land or you may require the court to sort out arrangements in respect of marital breakdown.